Hair waving appliance



April 7, 1942. G. KEPLER HAIR wAvING APPQIANCE Filed June 16,y i941r 2 sheets-sheet 1 INVENTOR- Y a HM. A

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April 7, 1942/. G. KEPLER l 2,278,857

HAIR WAVING APPLIANCE Filed June 16, 1941 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVETR BY Patented pr. 7, 1942 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE HAIR WAVING APPLIANCE Gustav Kepler, Chicago, lll. Application June 16, 1941, serial No. 398,359

y 19 claims. (c1. 18a-88) My invention relates to hair waving appliances, and more particularly to those which are in the form of a small unit designed for waving a lock of hair, and my main object is to devise an improved spool for the device which enables the latter to be produced at a considerably lower cost than the standard article.

A further object of the invention is to devise a spool which can be made of sheet metal, whereby to eect both a saving in material and render the spool lighter and easier to handle.

Another object vof the invention is to design a spool of the above character which can be produced from flat sheet metaLdeparting from the usual cast or turned varieties.

An additional object of the invention is to produce a spool which is light, rigid and in every7 way suitable for the conventional receptacle in the type of hair waving appliances herein considered. y v

With the above objects in view, and any others which may suggest themselves from the description to follow, a better understanding of the invention may be had by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which- Y Figure 1 is a plan View of a hair waving appliance showing one form of the improved spool mounted therein;

Fig. 2 is a side view of the showing in Fig. 1, as seen from theright;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged elevation of the spool, partly broken away;

Fig. 4 is a section of a cap applicable to the left-hand portion of the spool depicted in Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is an assembly of the cap in Fig. 4 mounted on the corresponding end of the spool;

Fig. 6 is a right-hand end view of the spool shown in Fig. 3;

Fig. '7 is a section of a cap applicable to the right-hand end of the spool depicted in Fig. 3;

Fig. 8 is a top plan View of the spool as seen in Fig. 1, partly broken away;

Fig. 9 is a section on the line 9-9 of Fig. 8;

Fig. 10 is a view similar to Fig. 1 on an enlarged scale, and showing another form of the improved spool;

Figs. 11 to 12 are, respectively, left-hand and right-hand end Views of the showing in Fig. 10; Figs. 13 to 15 are perspective views of a set of parts assemblable in the left-hand region of the spool; and

Fig. 16 is a section showing the leithand portion of the spool assembled.

Spools in hair waving appliances of the type herein considered are usually Amade of solid metal, in most cases aluminum, so that the spool assembly may be both light and corrosion-resisting. However, I have found thatfmuch of this metal is wasted when Vquantity production is involved, and I have therefore provided novel means for making up a spool of this kind from nat sheet metal, which may be aluminum or any other suitable metal, whereby to result in a spool which is as neat and emcient as the standard one, yet much lighter and cheaper to produce.

In accordance with the foregoing, specific referenoe to the drawings indicates a typical hair clamp at 20, this clamp being designed to receive and clamp a lock of hair at the base, so as` to position the clamp close to the head. The clamp has suitable terminal receptacles 2l and 22 to seat the projecting trunnions 23 andy 24 of thespool 25. Thus, the latter is formed with teeth 26 engageable with a spring-detent 21 carried by the clamp 20. No invention is claimed for the general assembly just outlined. It will suince that a bearing is provided by the same for the spool 25, with the detent 21 designed to permit the spool to rotate only in one -direction, a suitable handle 28 being employed to turn the spool. p

While the conventional spool is solid and extended with integral trunnions; the spool and the trunnions in the presenty instance are separate parts. Thus, the spool illustrated inV Fig. 3 is rolled from a flat sheet of metal to assume the proper form, show a split or line 29 in its side. Since the metal is light and may twist from excessive strain during rotation, I have formed the joints of the spool wall with locking tongues 30, these resisting end-wise or oblique inuences to deform the spool. Thus, a spool so rolled by machine will by its substantial cylindrical or conical form assume suflicient strength to serve the purpose of its use.

In order to provide the trunnion 23 for the spool 25, the latter is adapted to receive a simple cap 3l which is extended with the trunnion 23 from its back. This cap is shown in Fig. 4, and it may of course be stamped in one piece from a blank of sheet metal; however, kwhen the cap is applied to the corresponding end of the spool 25, the cap rim 32 vis compressed convergently to conform with the taper of the spool and lock the cap thereto, as shown in Fig. 5.

The opposite end of the spool receives a cap 33 similar to the cap 3l, but having its trunnion 24 considerably longer to afford a receptacle for the 'handle 28. Fig. 8 Vshows that the stem 34 so that the spool will necessarily of the handle is pressed out with hooks to engage the cap 33 on the inside and so lock the handle against withdrawal.

The cap 33 is of course stamped from a piece of sheet metal. However, the teeth 26 are formed by pressing the cap with an external bead or crown 36 having a series of louvers constituting ratchet teeth. These are of course formed in the process of fabricating the wall of the cap 33.

The conventional spool carries a hair retainer 31 Which is pivoted at one end by means of a cross-pin 38. The latter is employed in the present instance to secure the cap 33 to the corresponding end of the spool. Thus, the cap is eX- tended from its open or inner end with diametri;

cally-opposed stems 39 which are perforated in registration. These stems 39 are intended to overlie the end of the spool, and in order that the stems may t the same more evenly the top and bottom of the corresponding spool end are iiattened as indicated at 40 in Figs. 6 and 8; and the stems 39 are pressed somewhat closer in order to fit over the portions 46 while the rim of theV cap 33 is to all other intents and purposes a continuation of the corresponding end of the spool. The branches of the retainer 31 are then applied over the stems 39, and the assembly is joined by the cross-pin 38 as suggested in Fig. 9.

The assembly just described not only constitutes a light and simply-assembled spool, but occupies no more room than the conventional spool. Nor does it present any projections or additions which are in the way or might interfere with the free operation or manipulation of the spool.

In the form of Figs. 10 to 16a spool is used which embodies an internal clutch, this being a feature in some hair waving appliances. Thus, with the hair clamp indicated at 45, the clutch of the spool is in its left-hand end, while the right-hand end is rigid.

Since the right-hand end of the spool is the simpler one, its construction will be first outlined. The spool is again the tubular type of Fig. 3, and the unit applied to its right-hand end is a precise duplicate of the one illustrated in Figs. 7 to 9, except that the cap 33 is made plain, that is, without the annular tooth or louver formation, so that the handle 28 is to all intents and purposes a rigid part of the spool.

The construction of the left-hand or clutching portion of the spool is novel. Thus, the conventional clutch is formed with a square external head 46 which is deposited in a rectangular re ceptacle 41 of the corresponding clamp bearing 43, so that the head 46 is locked against rotation. rIhe head 46 projects inwardly with a shank 49 which carries a torsional spring 50. The latter cooperates with the wall of a receptacle 5| to permit the receptacle to rotate in one direction, but not in the other.

So far as described the clutch is standard, but for the purpose of the :present development the shank 49 is formed with a bead 52 and a neck 53 between the bead and the head 46.

The receptacle 5| is in the present case enlarged with a disc 54 at its entrance, the rim of the disc being extended with a set of equallyspaced lugs 55. The insertion of the receptacle 5| into the corresponding end of the spool is intended to place the disc 54 ilush withthe end of the spool. For this purpose, such end and the disc are of equal diameter, but the Wall of the spool is formed with a series of open recesses 56, placed as the lugs 55 and intended to form receptacles for the same, seating the disc as contemplated.

In order that the receptacle 5| may be retained in the end of the spool, an end cap is used, 51. This cap is originally formed with a straight rim 58-like the rim 32 of the cap 3|. However, when the cap 51 is yapplied to the assembly of the receptacle 5| and the spool, it is convergently compressed as in the previous instance to appear 'as in Fig. 16 and form a securing means for the receptacle.

The installation of the vreceptacle 5| is so designed that the bead 52 of the clutch forms a bearing for the rotation of the receptacle. However, the compression of the disc 51 also serves to advance its internal portion 59 into the neck 53 of the clutch, so that the latter is .thus locked against egress from the receptacle.

It will be evident that both forms of the improved spool embody means of a simple character to enable the assembly of the spool to be made from sheet metal and by means of dies or forming units following familiar or long-established principles. Thus, the spool can be fabricated in large quantities on :an assembly -basis and in a form to serve its purpose efliciently. Also, the sheet material for the spool is common, so that the cost of a spool made from it will be considerably less than that of a solid spool. Finally, the resultant spool will be much lighter and easier to handle than the standard varieties.

While I have described the two varieties of the improved spool along specific lines, it will be apparent that various minor changes or rennements may be made therein without departing from its principle, land I desireto consider all I such changes or refinements as coming within the scope .and spirit of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A spool for a hair waving appliance formed with spaced bearing receptacles, comprising a tubular shell of sheet material, end caps for the shell, and trunnions extending outwardly from the end Caps and adapted to seat in said receptacles.

2. 'Ihe structure of .claim 1, said shell being formed from a blank of sheet material rolled and with its ends closing in a longitudinal meeting ine.

3. The structure of claim 1, said shell converging inwardly from its ends, and at least one of said end caps being pressed convergently over the corresponding end -of the shell to `be-y come retained to the same.

4. The structure of claim 1, said shell being formed from a blank of sheet material rolled and with its ends closing in a longitudinal meeting line, and an interlocking joint between the shell portions adjacent to said meeting line.

5. The structure of claim 1, said shell being formed from a blank of sheet material rolled and with its ends closing in a longitudinal meeting line, and tongue-and-groove joints formed between the shell portions adjacent to said meeting line.

6. A spool for a hair waving appliance formed with spa-ced bearing receptacles and a ratchet control detent inwardly of one of said receptacles, comprising a tubular shell of sheet material, end caps for the shell, trunnions extending outwardly from the end caps and adapted to seat in said receptacles, and an annular ratchet-tooth formation on one of said end caps and adapted to cooperate with said detent.

7. A spool for a hair waving appliance formed with spaced bearing receptacles and a ratchet control detentinwardly of one of said receptacles,

.comprising av tubular shell of'sheet material, end caps for the shell, trunnions extending outwardlyfrom the end caps and :adapted to seat in said receptacles, and an annular ratchet-tooth formation pressed out ofl one of said end caps tocooperate with said detent. f

8. The structureof claim 1, one of said end caps overlapping the lcorresponding end of the shell, opposed stems extending inwardly from the inner edge of the overlapping end cap and lying on opposite sides of the shell, .and means to Iattach said stems to the shell for the retention of the corresponding end cap to the same.

9. The 'structure of claim 1, one of said end :caps overlapping the corresponding end of the shell, opposed stems extending inwardly from the inner edge of the overlapping end cap and lying on opposite sides of the shell, said stems being flat and substantially parallel and the walls of the shell being flattened to seat the stems, and means to attach the latter to the shell for the retention of the corresponding end cap to the same. v

10. The combination with la spool for a hair waving appliance formed with spaced bearing receptacles, the spool carrying a hair retainer formed with opposed ears at one end, the ears overlapping the opposite sides of the spool near one end. thereof and being pivotally secured to the spool by rivet means; of a Icap tting over said end of the spool, and opposed stems extending inwardly from the inner edge of the .cap in line with said ears and overlapped by the same, said rivet means also securing the stems for the retention of the cap to the spool.

GUSTAV KEPLER. 

